Law of Chemical Equilibrium
Equilibrium Mixture: The mixture of reactants and products in the equilibrium state of a chemical reaction is called as equilibrium mixture.
Law of Chemical Equilibrium: At a given temperature, the product of concentrations of the reaction products raised to their respective stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced chemical equation divided by the product of concentrations of the reactants raised to their individual stoichiometric coefficients has a constant value.
For a chemical reaction,
(mA + nB rightleftharpoons rC + sD), where A and B are reactants, m and n are their respective stoichiometric coefficients; C and D are products and r and s are their respective stoichiometric coefficients.
Law of chemical equilibrium is mathematically represented as,
(K_c = {left [ C right ]^r left [ D right ]^s over {left [ A right ]^m left [ B right ]^n} }), Where (K_c) is equilibrium constant and is constant for a reaction at given temperature.
For example, the law of chemical equilibrium for the following reaction is
(N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) rightleftharpoons 2NH_3(g)),
(K_c = {left [ NH_3(g) right ]^2 over {left [ N_2(g) right ] left [ H_2(g) right ]^3} })